Michael Gielen
中文名:米夏埃尔·吉伦 外文名:Michael Gielen 别名:迈克尔·吉伦 出生地:德国德累斯顿 生日:1927-7-20 逝世日期:2019-3-8 简介:Michael Andreas Gielen (born July 20, 1927) is an Austrian conductor and composer.
Gielen was born in Dresden, Germany, to Rose and Josef Gielen, his father, an opera director. Through his mother, Rose, he is the nephew of Eduard Steuermann and Salka Steuermann Viertel. His father was Christian and his mother was Jewish.He began his career as a pianist in Buenos Aires, where he studied with Erwin Leuchter and gave an early performance of Arnold Schoenberg's complete piano works in 1949 (the South-American première). While serving as conductor and répétiteur at the Wiener Staatsoper (1950–60), he conducted much contemporary music outside the opera house. His next operatic appointment was as conductor of Royal Swedish Opera from 1960 to 1965, followed by posts at the Netherlands Opera and the Opern- und Schauspielhaus Frankfurt from 1977. He was principal conductor of the Belgian National Orchestra (1969–73), the Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra (1980–86) and of the Southwest German Radio Symphony Orchestra (1986–99), which he has been closely associated with since.
He has demonstrated a mastery of the most complex contemporary scores, and he has given many premières, including Helmut Lachenmann's Fassade and Klangschatten – mein Saitenspiel, György Ligeti's Requièm, Karlheinz Stockhausen's Carré and Bernd Alois Zimmermann's Die Soldaten. In 1973 he recorded Schoenberg's opera Moses und Aron with Günter Reich, Louis Devos, choir und orchestra of the Österreichischer Rundfunks, used as a soundtrack for the film Moses und Aron. In 1979 he revived Schreker's opera Die Gezeichneten at the Oper Frankfurt, where it had been premiered in 1918.During his time in Frankfurt, later called the Gielen Era, he collaborated with stage directors such as Hans Neuenfels for Verdi's Aida and Ruth Berghaus for Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen.
He is also a noted conductor of the symphonies of Ludwig van Beethoven, Anton Bruckner and Gustav Mahler. As a composer, he has elaborated on the tradition of the Second Viennese School and his small oeuvre includes settings of poems by Hans Arp, Paul Claudel, Stefan George, and Pablo Neruda. 从艺历程:吉伦在布宜诺斯艾利斯开始钢琴演奏生涯,师从埃尔温·洛伊希特。20岁时,他在科隆剧院演出巴赫《马太受难曲》中演奏宣叙调通奏低音。1949年,他首次演出阿诺德·勋伯格全部钢琴作品,期间还短暂学习哲学。
1950年,吉伦移居维也纳,父亲时任城堡剧院院长。1954至1960年,他在维也纳国家歌剧院担任指挥,协助多位著名指挥家,并在歌剧院外指挥当代音乐。
1960年,吉伦在瑞典皇家歌剧院担任歌剧总监,直至1965年。期间,他指挥制作了斯特拉文斯基的《浪子的历程》。1965年,他开始担任自由指挥,首演了伯恩德·阿洛伊斯·齐默尔曼的歌剧《士兵》和阿里伯特·雷曼的歌剧《梦想家》。随后,他与荷兰歌剧院签约。
1977至1987年,吉伦担任法兰克福歌剧院总导演,与戏剧家克劳斯·泽赫莱因合作创作当代歌剧。1979年,他重新演绎了弗朗茨·施雷克的歌剧《时光》。在法兰克福,他与多位舞台导演合作,使歌剧院成为国际公认的歌剧中心。
吉伦还曾担任比利时国家交响乐团(1969-73年)和辛辛那提交响乐团(1980-86年)首席指挥。1986年至1999年,他担任德国西南广播交响乐团指挥,并使其在多瑙艾辛格音乐节成为首演领先乐团。从1991年起,他在柏林与菩提树下国家歌剧院和柏林交响乐团合作。
他掌握复杂当代乐谱,指挥多首首演,包括齐默尔曼、利盖蒂和施托克豪森的作品。1969年,他在杜塞尔多夫首演了齐默尔曼的《安魂曲》。1973年,他录制了勋伯格的歌剧《摩西与亚伦》作为电影配乐。
2014年10月,吉伦因健康原因宣布退出指挥生涯。2019年3月8日,他因肺炎在奥地利蒙德塞去世。 荣誉记录:1985年:黑森文化奖
1986 年:西奥多·W·阿多诺奖
1999:法兰克福音乐奖
2006:杜伊斯堡音乐奖
2010:恩斯特·冯·西门子音乐奖
2010 年 6 月:德意志联邦共和国骑士指挥官十字勋章(Großes Verdienstkreuz mit Stern)
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